What is the role of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in international trade?

The role of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in international trade primarily involves enforcing customs laws and ensuring trade compliance. This includes a wide range of responsibilities such as collecting duties and tariffs, preventing illegal importation of goods, and helping enforce laws related to international trade, which can include protecting against counterfeit goods and enforcing trade agreements.

CBP plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity of the trade system. By monitoring and regulating the flow of goods into and out of the United States, CBP ensures that trade laws are upheld, which supports fair competition and protects the economy.

Other choices do touch on aspects of what CBP might oversee, but they do not encapsulate the full scope of its primary role. Processing cargo shipments and ensuring adherence to international transportation regulations are part of CBP's functions, but they are precursors to the enforcement of laws and compliance. Providing tax rebates for exporters is not within the purview of CBP; such functions typically fall under the Treasury or specialized trade agencies. The central focus of CBP remains on enforcement and compliance, making this the correct answer.